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The model village in Fitzroy Gardens in Melbourne, Australia is looking rather the worse for wear these days, with bits crumbling off the houses, the church steeple missing and the tops gone from the oast houses. The model village has been there for over fifty years now and after my first visit to Melbourne to visit my son in 1998, I did some research about it in the Lambeth Local Studies Library.
During the Second World War in London the Borough of Lambeth, suffered heavy bombing raids as German planes and doodlebugs tried to reach the seat of government in Westminster. The sirens sounded on 1,224 separate occasions during the war and the most severe raids were in April and May 1941. Many people were left homeless and hungry at the end of hostilities. The Commonwealth countries such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada and India began to send food supplies to the people of London.
In 1948 the Mayor of Lambeth received 1.712 cases (approximately 55 tons) of foodstuffs which was distributed to the senior citizens on a fair but strict rota system. A typical parcel contained:-
1 tin jam
1 tin meat content
1 tin dripping
1 pkt Quaker oats or pudding mix
1 pkt dried milk or fruit
Parties were also organised for the children and in December 1947 the Agent-General for Victoria, the Hon Norman A Martin, attended a distribution of food parcels and a children's party at Lambeth Town Hall. In 1948 the Lord and Lady Mayoress of Melbourne, Sir Raymond and Lady Connelly, and also the Right Hon Robert Menzies, then Leader of the Opposition in the Australian government, paid visits to Lambeth and presented gifts of food and woollen clothing from the people of Victoria, brought over by the Australian test cricket team.
When discussing a suitable way to show their appreciation to the people of Melbourne for their generous gifts the Lambeth Council decided in 1947 to present a complete Kentish Tudor village constructed out of reinforced concrete by pensioner Mr Edgar Wilson of Hamilton Road, West Norwood. Councillor J W Simpson opened a special fund to raise the £80 8s 6d needed to transport the gift to the Antipodes. In his letter of thanks the Lord Mayor of Melbourne wrote:-
"Mr Wilson's gift is to be placed in close proximity to Captain Cook's cottage in the Fitzroy Gardens on a site which has a typically English setting with a terraced garden background and a small creek winding through the area, and I feel sure that it will not only be a great attraction for the people for generations to come, but will serve as a constant reminder of the close ties that still exist between us and the Motherland."
I published a version of this article in the Norwood Society’s quarterly review and a Mr Gent from West Dulwich wrote in as he had visited Mr Wilson’s garden as a small boy in 1945 and had seen some of the model houses.
(Lambeth Society Newsletter)
In our last newsletter I noticed that there was a GLIAS guided walk around the Surrey Docks on Wednesday July 16th so at 6.30 that evening I joined about thirty other enthusiasts at Canada Water underground station. Our group leader was a young man of rather eccentric appearance wearing a floppy tennis hat with copious amounts of curly blond locks escaping from under it. Every 500 yards or so he would mount a collapsible stool and balance precariously on it, much to the amusement of some of the younger residents who followed us around on their bikes, while showing us maps and aerial photographs of the different stages of the area’s colourful history. He certainly knew his stuff, however, and after only a short while even I began to make sense of the layout of the dockland area, and realised the enormity of the task facing the developers when the area was re-developed.
Most of the area now contains low-level housing developments, which are tastefully landscaped with young trees, waterside walks and safe pedestrian areas for the new generation of residents to enjoy. The developers have been careful to retain as many of the original dock walls, bridges, lock gates and hydraulic machinery as possible. In some places you can still see the markings measuring the water level in the dock basins as well.
At one point at the northern end of what would have been the Russia Dock an artificial hill called Stave Hill, which looks a bit like the mound at Waterloo near Brussels without the lion, has been created. The view of London from the top is spectacular and there is a very useful relief map of the Surrey Docks to help you get your bearings. Looking from there across at the Isle of Dogs, where yet another skyscraper office block is being built in the cluster at Canary Wharf, I couldn’t help thinking that perhaps for once the South Bank had got it right. The whole of the Russia Dock has been transformed into an ecological park and woodland, obviously greatly appreciated by many of the joggers, young families and dog walkers who were out in force enjoying a beautiful summer’s evening. The ducks seemed very happy there too!
One thing that strikes you is how peaceful it is – only a mile or so from the city of London the silence of this oasis of virtually traffic free streets, young trees, gentle breezes and vast stretches of calming water, the peace broken only by the occasional jet overhead on its way to land at Heathrow or City Airport, is almost magical.
Set into the ground alongside the Russia Dock is a round metal plaque showing the distances to Greenland, Canada, Russia and other countries who used to ship goods to the Surrey Docks in its heyday. Timber was the main import but whale blubber and exotic spices were also unloaded here.
Having come straight from a hectic day at work I’m afraid I had run out of steam by about 8.30. As I left the group and walked back along the full length of the Greenland Dock towards Surrey Quays Station I passed a well-patronised pub on a ship called the Wibbly Wobbly! What better way to relax on a summer’s evening sitting out on deck with a chilled glass of wine surrounded by sky and water, away from the hustle and bustle of everyday London life.
If you have not yet ventured in to this area may I recommend that you join one of the Sunday walks which leave Rotherhithe Station at 1.30 every Sunday during the summer. You can get full details on their website at www.thestreetsoflondon.com or call them on 020 8906 8657.
(Lewisham Local History Society Newsletter Autumn 2003)
I had no idea what a treat was in store when I set out for North London on Sunday 1st June. I had never been to Alexandra Palace before, but was especially interested to visit it as I live near the site of the Crystal Palace which has always been a magical place for me. It was also my first chance to attend an event organised by the CTA as I am a new member. Driving up to the Palace from Wood Green on the bus I was struck by how similar the two palace sites are and it was comforting to see the Crystal Palace TV Transmitter on the southern horizon.
I was completely bowled over by the sheer size of the building and was encouraged by how much of the complex was actually in use for some activity or other. There was no fair being held in the Great Hall that day so we were able to roam freely through this vast majestic space. The only other space in London to come anywhere near it is the turbine hall of Tate Modern.
We had our first quick visit to the theatre after we had visited the TV studio, which hopefully one day will be re-furbished in an appropriate manner to house the impressive collection of old television sets and TV camera equipment. The theatre was magical and I felt very underdressed as I entered its portals for the first time. The décor dates from the early 1920s when Walter James Macqueen-Pope was manager. Although it was very sad to see it in its present state I felt optimistic that one day it could be restored to its former glory and used as a venue for live theatre and cinema shows again.
Revived by tea and biscuits we entered the theatre for a second time and it was then that the magic show really began! CTA Chairman Richard Gray introduced David Eve of the CTA’s Northern Division who had rescued some old reels of film in an emporium in Workington. He had sent them to the States to be restored and was very excited that they were to be shown publically for the first time at Alexandra Palace as no films have been shown there for nearly eighty years! The enclosed projection box which can still be seen on the balcony dates from 1907.
We were treated to nearly two hours of films dating from 1905 until 1920. Some were shorts from the Clarendon Film Company in Croydon, others were from America, and there were also some amazing stencil colour films from the Pathe Studios in France. Perhaps the most beautiful film was of blossom time in Japan in 1915, but each film shown had its own unique charm. Some of the slapstick and comedy pre-dated Chaplin by only one or two years so some of the tricks and timing seemed very familiar as did some of the actors – you almost expected Charlie to pop out from behind a pillar or a bush at any moment. I’m also positive I spotted Stan Laurel in one of the films. He went over to the States around the same time as Chaplin so anything is possible.
The musical accompaniment by John Sweeney of the NFT was as always excellent, although he did tell me off for letting my membership of the NFT lapse!
(CTA Bulletin July/August 2003)
As a member of both the Edith Nesbit Society and the Octavia Hill Society I often wonder if the two women, both of whom I admire, ever in fact met? Edith Nesbit, of course was famous as the author of children’s books such as “The Railway Children”, and Octavia Hill, most famous as a provider of social housing in London, was also a founder member of the National Trust. The women were contemporaries, who both spent the most active phases of their lives in London. Octavia lived mostly in the Marylebone/Notting Hill area of London and Edith Nesbit in SouthEast London in Eltham and Lewisham but they moved in the same circles concerned with social reform which included Canon Samuel Barnett and his wife Henrietta in Whitechapel, and Emma Cons (founder of the Old Vic and Morley College) and the Fawcetts in Lambeth. Both Henrietta Barnett and Emma Cons had been on Octavia’s team of housing managers. Edith’s husband Hubert Bland was one of the original founder members of the Fabian Society, through which they met George Bernard Shaw and H G Wells.
Through my contacts in the Octavia Hill Society I have been asked by Robert Whelan, Deputy Director of Civitas, to contribute footnotes to an edited edition of Octavia Hill’s “Letters to Fellow Workers” due to be published shortly. I have been researching the “Open Spaces” in London saved through the hard work of Octavia Hill and her colleagues in the Commons Preservation Society, such as Henry Fawcett, William Morris and Robert Hunter, who later founded the National Trust with Octavia Hill and Canon Rawnsley. These worthy people spent many hours “memorialising” (or sending memos) to Parish vestries, and after 1889 to the newly formed LCC’s Parks and Open Spaces Committee, to ensure that many acres of London’s rapidly dwindling open spaces were preserved as “open air sitting rooms” for the poor. After most London churchyards were closed to burials in the eighteen fifties they fought especially hard to save these from being built on, or being purchased by one of the railway companies. We have a lot to thank them for as Londoners continue to enjoy these open spaces or “Lungs of London” today.
At least two of these open spaces were visited by Edith Nesbit. Edith walked to Hilly Fields in Brockley near New Cross from her home in Elswick Road, Lewisham and referred to the area in “Wings and the Child”. ‘Once there were nightingales that sang in the gardens in Loampit Hill. Now it is all villas. Once the Hilly Fields were hill fields where the children played, and there were primroses.’
In her article “Space for the People” (1883) Octavia shared Edith’s concern about the “acres of villas” spreading all over south east London. When visiting tenants in Deptford one day, Octavia Hill noticed a vase of freshly picked flowers. On being told they had been picked on Hilly Fields, she set off to visit the area the same day and as a result became instrumental in raising subscriptions to save Hilly Fields from being built over. The list of subscribers ran to thirty-one pages and includes William Morris and F D Mocatta, a well-known Jewish philanthropist. Generous benefactors included the Duke of Westminster and many of the City Livery Companies, such as the Goldsmiths’, Fishmongers’ and Leathersellers’. Sir Arthur Arnold, chairman of the LCC, which had spent £4,685 on laying out the grounds, opened the park to the public on 16th May 1896. Sir Robert Hunter, in his capacity as chairman of the committee set up to save Hilly Fields, attended the opening ceremony and paid tribute to Octavia Hill’s hard work. ‘So well-known to many of them by reason of her public- spirited labours, in the course of her work in Deptford’.
St Nicholas’ burial ground in Deptford, now known as Charlotte Turner Gardens, is next to the Hughes Field primary school where Edith Nesbit and her friends held their Christmas parties for the poor children of Deptford. Her book “Harding’s Luck” is set partly in Deptford. Octavia Hill managed houses in Deptford from about 1883 onwards so it is quite possible that they met, but it would be lovely to find some evidence of this. Many of the poor children of Deptford that Edith entertained would probably have been Octavia’s tenants. According to the Kentish Mercury of July 11th 1884 Miss Octavia Hill was certainly present at the opening ceremony of the burial ground as a public park and playground. The Victualling Yard nearby lent them flags for the occasion and the Reverend Brooke Lambert said that as the playground was “under the shadow of the church of St Nicholas, the patron saint of children, there could scarcely be a better place for a playground than this.” Some members of the Edith Nesbit Society visited this area during a history walk around Deptford in 2000.
Octavia had strong links with Toynbee Hall, the university settlement in Whitechapel. Stepniak, the Russian author in exile, who appears briefly in “The Railway Children” as Schapansky, and many members of the Fabian Society gave lectures there, so it is also possible that the two women might have met there.
By a stroke of fate both women were also buried in Kent! Octavia Hill died in 1912 and is buried in the churchyard at Crockham Hill near Westerham, close to Toys Hill and Ide Hill, some of the first pieces of land purchased by the National Trust. Edith Nesbit died in 1924 and is buried in the churchyard at St Mary-in-the Marsh on Romney Marsh near Dymchurch. Both societies make an annual pilgrimage to these churchyards in August to pay homage to these two exceptional ladies.
(Edith Nesbit Society Newsletter)
Pick Your Own Crops
During the summer in Kent this sign is often seen on roadside verges near farm entrances, most often during the strawberry-picking season. My crops, however, are of a very different kind.
My great-great grandfather was Charles Crop, who became a well-respected clay pipe maker in Homerton, East London, in the 1850s. His unmarried sons carried on the business until the 1920s when Charles Junior, John and Samuel retired to Clacton-on-Sea. My father remembered visiting his great-uncles, and indeed a few family snapshots survive of a visit taken when my father was a bout twelve years old.
I remember that Dad kept a red clay head on a shelf in the shed for years, but when I cleared out the family home in 2005 I did not find it! Knowing what I know now I’m pretty sure it was a ‘Crop’ head.
One day after checking some details in the Family Tree I decided to do a ‘Google’ search on ‘Charles Crop’. Through a link I contacted Heather Coleman down in Devon who put
me in touch with Peter Hammond. He seemed very excited to have found a real live Crop descendant as he has been researching my family for years! It was Charles Crop Senior’s eldest daughter Elizabeth who became my great-grandmother on my father’s side. Peter sent me some copies of Crop-related papers and in return I sent him copies of some family photographs.
In July I went back to East London to visit Brooksby’s Walk, where the pipe factory was located, and Abney Park Cemetery. The factory building still exists at the rear of 52 Brooksby’s Walk but a young man on duty there was adamant that I should not take any photos so I beat a hasty retreat. I had more luck at Abney Park. A volunteer had already trimmed back the ivy round the Crop grave but unfortunately the headstone was so badly weathered virtually no lettering has survived – but at least I know where they are!
I decided to join SCPR and attended the Annual Conference in London in September 2006, where I was thrilled to be able to purchase an original Crop pipe head. I also met descendants from two other pipe-making families, the Burstows and the Henscher or Henshers. As a direct descendant of Charles Crop Peter has kindly asked me to write the foreword to his book about my family.
(SCPR Newsletter Spring/Summer 2007)
A trip from Ramsgate to Tewkesbury
Lewisham Pensions Team newsletter November 2008, Old Brockenian Dcember 2008, About Ramsgate October 2008
Millicent Press